Racism
and Ethnicity in the United
States
The
United States
is a country that is rich in religious, cultural and ethnic diversity. Since
its inception a few centuries ago, the prosperity in the union has
characterized the evolution of human civilization. While it has a constitution
that preserves rights and freedom of all humans regardless of their racial or
ethnic background, the challenges faced by the citizens cannot be underscored.
In fact, most sociologists argue that racial segregation is becoming a threat
to national unity in the present than any other time in its history since the
American Civil War. Notably, United
States had a darker part of its history
where slavery and gender inequality were a norm.
Feagin, J. R.
(2014). Racist America :
Roots, current realities, and future reparations. New York : Routledge.1-189. Retrieved from:
https://books.google.co.ke/books?id=OlakAgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=racism+in+america&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=racism%20in%20america&f=false
In
the book , the author argues that during America ’s colonial era, only the
White Americans had social rights. Blacks, Asian and Latin Americans had no
rights to vote, to become citizens or to own property. Some of the racially structured institutions
in American history include residential schools, segregation camps,
reservations for indigenous groups and intermittent camps. The socioeconomic
inequality that is evident in the modern times has its roots in racial politics
of post-colonial America .
Racial stratification is yet to be fully uprooted in the American society. It
has mutated to indirect modern forms of expressions especially in lending
institutions, education, and housing.
American
human rights networks admit the prevalent discrimination penetrating all life
aspects to all colored communities. There is a self-admission amongst the
majority of Americans that they harbor discriminatory viewpoints against their
neighbors of color. This is despite the
advances against racism.
He
further observes that the United
States society is racialized so deeply that
the African-American community is at a disadvantage in matters like education,
wealth and the level of income. If these injustice patterns are to be reversed,
it is imperative that the employers work together with representatives of all
communities to find a common ground on such sensitive issues. Today, residential segregation is one fundamental
mechanism that catapults racism. It is worrying that the government casts a
blind eye to such an escalating situation that has a potential to spiral into a
social calamity. This segregation of
social groups isolates the poor minorities from accessing private and public
resources from political influence and business connections. Other resources
barred from the access of the minorities include the cultural and human capital
and vital social networks.
From
the book, some schools of sociology pitch an argument regarding racial issues
to a generalized framework of specific cultural and ethnic groups. They believe
that the ethnic groups join an already established society and find it hard to
adapt initially. As the time goes by, they assimilate and gain an equal status
enabling them to form a complex society. In the United
States , for instance, a number of migrant groups from
Asia and Europe have been able to assimilate
quickly to American society. This prompts warm racial relations, which is not
characteristic to African-American groups given their history as slaves.
The
racial relations concept should encourage neutrality among different racial
groups forming a society. However, in the United States , it has been hijacked
by a show of might and domination among the white majority via the use of
violence hence leading to dehumanization and suppression of black minority
groups and Hispanics.
Another
social theory of racism revolves around
domination. In any given country, minorities are hardly represented in
political positions. History confirms that America is not an exception. Since
its infantry years, US have discouraged equality in opportunities and power to
all ethnic groups including minorities.
Slavery incubated a society that believed African-Americans to be
inferior beings in comparison to the whites. The mentality has stuck through
generations to the modern times. The irony is that most African-Americans
actually started believing their racially branded status. It was as recent as
1960s when the minorities started demanding for justice and equal rights, but
they received a partial share. The racial aftershocks of slavery age are still
rampant today though downgraded to symbolic levels.
Rabow. J., Veniers. P., Dhillon. M. (2013). Ending
Racism in America : One
Microaggression at a Time Students Speak of Pain Hope & Change. Dubuque : Kendal Hunt .
1-207.Retrieved from:
https://books.google.co.ke/books?id=sT_mnQEACAAJ&dq=ending+racism+in+america&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAWoVChMIr6_Dy_zjyAIVQUwaCh3ZfQ6e
According
to Rabow et al., (2013) racism can be ended. It takes social responsibility to
strip down racist ideas in the society. For instance, at the national level,
political figures should lead the way towards a racist free America . Citizens should write to
their representatives and members of congress about the need to draft
progressive policies to criminalize such acts. Media also has a role in
creating awareness through airing of educative programs on the importance of
social integration. In addition, the media should raise an alarm on the rising
cases of the judiciary and law enforcers' racist acts. Other government arms
are tasked with instituting regulatory policies on police practices. Besides,
the government should address the historical injustices subjected to slaves and
the native population. Of keen to note is that all along, the government has
been treating racist symptoms and not the causes. Uprooting racism demands determination and
support of all citizens in the country.
Latest
studies indicate that colored people are underrepresented in the workplace.
While most of them are minorities, there is inequality in proportionality
between white workforce and the minority groups. Critics claim that the sharp
contrast is as a result of minorities' low level of education and poor academic
performance. While there is a sense of truth in this claim, the core cause of
the disparity is the environment. The
black community neighborhoods lack quality amenities such as well-equipped
learning institutions and adequate security. As such, most students drop out
early and lead criminal lifestyles. The state and the community should activate
affirmative action programs that eliminate racist exclusions.
According
to the journal, there is a shift in the nature of American politics today. The
people are becoming aware of electing leaders that will unify the country.
However, more should be done to eliminate the color barrier crippling
representation of the needs of minorities. A quick check on the congress
reveals a different picture. Similarly, the whites dominate top-level managerial
positions in the corporate world. Such
inequality can inspire hatred and disillusion in the society which can result
in political tensions in the country. A
solution is achievable through an election of leaders that share concerns of
all subjects regardless of their ethnic or racial background.
At
the community level, people should warm up on their neighbors to create a
social bond. Friendly greetings release tension that might be building up
within the multicultural community. Protests for racist activities and
participation in anti-racist community events strengthen ties among the
community members. Thus, the government should provide funding for such
activities to encourage strong cooperation among its citizens. It should also encourage the formation of activist
groups through the easing of licensing procedures.
There
is an extended list of suggestions on how to alleviate racial discrimination in
modern America .
For instance, in the Institutions of higher learning, the regulating bodies
suggest the formation of committees to respond to cases of racism within the
universities. The committees will also have the responsibility of arresting
non-sanctionable behavior.
Furthermore,
activists suggest that students from white community and the institutional
faculty members should restructure and modernize the white-awareness programs
towards a less extremist identity usually vulnerable to black culture. This will help in neutralizing the dominance
of a given race in a particular institution.
There are also suggestions for increase in faculty members of large
institutions to fragment white dominance.
From
the discussion, it is clear that racism is still forms part of American history
and the present times. Unless a concerted effort is made by the government and
relevant authorities to dismantle the threat, the country’s future is bleak. It
is notable that the government often reacts to the symptoms of the problem
rather than sourcing for the cause. As long as this forms part of the
government policy, it is likely that a lasting solution will never be found. On
the other hand, the people have a role to play in the community to solve the
issue. This demands responsibility, action and show of willingness to forge a
societal union.
References
Feagin, J. R.
(2014). Racist America :
Roots, current realities, and future reparations. New York : Routledge.1-189. Retrieved from:
https://books.google.co.ke/books?id=OlakAgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=racism+in+america&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=racism%20in%20america&f=false
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